Mountain accident statistics outline that a big percentage of accidents occurring in the mountains involve less experienced hikers: sometimes solely because they were not informed about the difficulties of the chosen trail, lack of preparation for sudden changes in the weather and climatic conditions, or because they under estimate the effects of Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS).

MEDICAL CONSIDERATION

Immunizations

Your physician and your local Public Health Service are the best sources of information regarding the immunizations necessary for Nepal. The following list of recommended medicines and injections, as well as indicates the immunizations normally recommended for trekkers in Nepal. It is a good practice to have your shots recorded in a yellow international health certificate.

Suggested Medicines:
Suntan lotion or sun-block cream
Lip Salve (chapstick, blistex, or glacier cream)
Foot power
Band-Aids (plasters) and tape
Moleskin or other blister pads
Elastic (Ace) bandage
Antiseptic
Aspirin
Throat lozenges or cough drops
Decongestant tablets
Iodine-small bottle for water purification
Toilet paper and matches or cigarette lighter to burn used TP
Bacterium or other diarrhoea remedy
Thermometer
Antibiotic eye drop
Anti-inflammatory drugs (ibroprofen)
Azithromycin
Clotrimazole 1% or miconazole 2%
Decongestant (Actifed)
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Hydrocortisone 1%
Ioperamide (Imodium)
Norfloxacin 400mg or ciprofloxacin
Paracetamol
Painkiller
Promethazine (Phenergan)
Ranitidine
Rehydration salts
Tinidazole

Recommended Vaccines and Immunization:

Cholera
Typhoid-paratyphoid
Tetanus
Polio (oral)
Malaria (only if you will be visiting a jungle lodge)
Typhus
Hepatitis (gamma globulin an expensive, but important shot)
Meningitis Meningococcal A/C vaccine
A WEBSITE TO REFER THEM TO?

Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)

Some people are more susceptible to altitude sickness than others. If you suffer from a case of altitude sickness it does not mean that you can never go to high altitudes again. However, it does mean in the future, you should pay attention. Awareness of altitude sickness has caused some trekkers to be unnecessarily anxious as they trek. The progression of symptoms is usually gradual, and you will have plenty of time to react appropriately. Design your itineraries to allow plenty of time for acclimatization so that you will be able to adjust to the increase in altitude. Human bodies have the ability to adjust to higher altitudes when given enough time. If a person travels up to high altitudes more rapidly than his or her body is able to adjust, AMS symptoms develop.
The treatments of AMS are first and foremost not to ascend with symptoms and if symptoms are severe, to descend. In rare cases where the descent is difficult or impossible a portable pressure chamber is effective. Three medications have also been proven useful for treating and preventing AMS: Acetazolamide (Diamox), Dexamethasone (Decadron), Nifedipine. Your physician and local Public Health Service are the best sources for further information.

WATER
Don’t drink tap water or stream water. Obviously, some urban water may be extremely contaminated and some mountain water may be almost pure. Stick to purified water or soft drinks. Bringing water to a boil makes it safe to drink, a good way to ensure safe drinking is to consume lots of tea or a hot drink (hot lemon or hot water), available almost everywhere. Another way to ensure safe drinking water is to treat it with iodine or chlorine preparations.

CLOTHING EQUIPEMENT
Let's see what we need to carry in our backpack (actually it is usually best if we think about "what can I leave at home?" so to make your backpack lighter!).
Above 3,000 m the days are cooler and a set of interchangeable warm/windproof layers is best. During the night you should put on dry thermals and the thickest down jacket available. Above 4,000 m it is cool year-round.

Sleeping bag
Sleeping bag liner
Backpack
Boots (the most important thing to ensure a happy trek is to have comfortable feet)
Camp shoes (light weight shoes)
Socks
Down jacket
Down pants/trousers
Wind/rain jacket
Jersey/fleece top
Shirt/blouse
Underwear
Thermal underwear
Pants trousers (Light material loose and dark-coloured is best)
Fleece pants
Windproof and waterproof pants/trousers
Warm hat
Sun hat
Mittens or gloves
Towel and toilet kit
Water Bottle
Flashlight
Sunglasses